In more general terms, many mediaeval authors—and not only theologians—used the distinction between God's ordered and absolute power to emphasize how, on the one hand, in an 'orderly' way, the realm of nature reflects God's freedom of choice, leading to the existence of a radically contingent order of creation; but also how, on the other hand, in terms of divine absoluteness and in the economy of salvation, God is never bound in his action, which is truly inscrutable and lies above (...) morality.1 The extensive scholarship on this distinction clearly demonstrates how such a question represented a real 'problem' for mediaeval thinkers rather than just a simple theory.2 I am limited to... (shrink)

The keenly contested debates over the passage from the Middle Ages to modernity have steadily revealed how this transition was itself characterised by tensions and complexities. Narratives and inte...

This volume includes some of the papers from the second and third instalments of the series Festival Bruniano, held in Geneva in 2015 and in Tours and Wittenberg in 2018, respectively. By picking up the baton from the inaugural edition of 2014 and the two preparatory colloquia that preceded it in 2013, this volume aims to discuss Giordano Bruno's contribution to sixteenth-century ideas by focusing on some theological, moral, and legal-political aspects of his philosophy. Starting from a re-evaluation of Christianity (...) after Luther's Reformation, the four sections of this volume pay special, but not exclusive, attention to Bruno's later philosophical teaching, including his Wittenberg period and the 'Frankfurt trilogy'."--Page 4 of cover. (shrink)

This book looks at how science investigates the natural world around us. It is an examination of the scientific method, the foundation of science and basis on which our scientific knowledge is built.... [It] addresses all concepts pertaining to the scientific method. It includes discussions on objective reality, hypotheses and theory, and the fundamental and unalienable role of experimental evidence in scientific knowledge.... Di Ventra also examines the limits of science and the errors we make when abusing its method in (...) nonscientific contexts. By reflecting on the general method, the reader can critically sort through other types of scientific claims, and judge their ability to apply it in study and in practice. (shrink)

All around the world in March, due to COVID-19, competitive sport calendars were suddenly canceled, jeopardizing the training programs of athletes. Moreover, in Italy, the government banned all non-essential travel across the entire country from the beginning of March. Consequently, Italian cyclists were banned from leaving their homes and therefore unable to perform their ordinary training activities. The Italian Association of Professional Cyclists early on during that period noticed that several cyclists were experiencing a worrying decrease in their mental well-being (...) and asked the authors to set up an online Sport Psychology Intervention during lockdown to enhance the athletes' mental health. Through a number of unprecedented events and considerations, the aim of the current investigation was to assess the Italian cyclists' mental health during the lockdown and its changes after the SPI. We validated the Italian version of the Sport Mental Health Continuum Short Form —presented in Study 1—and then applied it to a sample of Italian professional cyclists—presented in Study 2—prior to and after the SPI. To achieve these objectives, the reliability and construct validity of the Italian version of the Sport MHC-SF were tested in Study 1. RM-MANOVA tests were run to evaluate the effect of SPI on cyclists in Study 2. A total of 185 Italian athletes were involved in the validation of the MHC in Study 1 and 38 professional cyclists in Study 2. Results from Study 1 suggested a three-factor higher order model of Sport MHC-SF [Model fit: χ2 = 471.252, p < 0.000; CFI = 0.951; RMSEA = 0.049; RMR= 0.048]. MCFA showed that the default model kept invariance among groups of athletes. Results from Study 2 highlighted that professional cyclists who followed the SPI were able to cope better with psychological stressors, showing improved well-being compared to the athletes that did not. No significant differences were found for emotional and social well-being. The present multi-study paper contributes to the theoretical field with a validated measure of Sport MHC-SF translated in the Italian language and culture. It also provides practical implications related to cases of reduced mental health due to injury, illness, or similar situations of home confinement in the future. (shrink)

This collection of case studies in public management bridges the gap between mainstream CSR - confined to the for-profit corporations - and the vast bodies of workers and organizations that make up government and its public administration. The variety and discretion of managerial endeavours in public management calls for accountability and responsibility of government beyond current legal instruments: The book argues that CSR must be brought to bear with government. In government in fact, knowledge management is not a linear process, (...) but the result of working with passion of the parts, implying discretionary behaviour and creativity which in turn imply choice and responsibility. Cases ranging from the USA to Central America, New Zealand and Europe all confirm the complex nature of public management, entailing partnership synergy for disaster recovery, the intertwined link between management and new technology and mindfulness at individual level. The cases are set in a framework by theoretical essays on bureaucratic behaviour and unknown stakeholders. Public-sector management has long drawn upon principles, tools, and techniques developed in the private sector, aiming to infuse bureaucracies with touches of efficiency and productivity. But good governance is also central to good management. This fascinating, wide-ranging volume shows how ideas from the Corporate Social Responsibility movement apply to the governance and administration of public agencies. A series of detailed and informative case studies, written by researchers and practitioners with deep knowledge of their industries and agencies, explores the challenges of managing public and government agencies in a socially responsible manner. The book offers a nuanced and balanced portrait that calls for greater public involvement and oversight in keeping public organizations on track. Highly recommended! Peter G. Klein University of Missouri Norwegian School of Economics and Mises Institute Here are six compelling case studies that reveal the relevance, even the imperative, of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the public sector. In doing so, the authors simultaneously expand the role of CSR and provide us with a refreshed concept of government and public management. The authors then lay the theoretical groundwork for their observations in ways that enrich our understanding of both CSR and the evolving roles of government in our lives. This is "must reading" for corporate officers and for public managers. Thomas R. Sexton Stony Brook University, NY College of Business and School of Professional Development. (shrink)

In questo articolo sviluppiamo una Logica Dialeteista con Assunzioni e Conclusioni Esclusive, DLEAC. A questo scopo, verrà adottata la semantica della Logica del Paradosso (LP), estesa definendo una specifica nozione di modello. L’apparato deduttivo viene modificato specificando le nozioni di Assunzione e Conclusione, considerate come atti linguistici. Successivamente, introduciamo un nuovo paradosso — il paradosso del diniego —, sia informalmente che formalmente, derivandolo all’interno di un’estensione di DLEAC concepita apposta per esprimerlo. Un tale paradosso rappresenta un serio problema per il (...) dialeteismo, nello specifico per la versione di Priest in cui si considerano gli atti linguistici di asserzione e diniego, e gli atteggiamenti proposizionali di accettazione e rifiuto, come esclusivi. Infine, discutiamo due proposte che Priest potrebbe avanzare per superare il paradosso: raffinare le nozioni pragmatiche in gioco e mostrare che il paradosso è un caso di dilemma razionale. Si mostra che entrambe le strategie non sono efficaci. (shrink)

On the Cratylus dialogue, much has been written. However, is it possible to say that the beauty and the intelligence of that Platonic dialogue has been fully explained and justified? First of all, the Cratylus continues to be considered a work that is not fully successful artistically: its very long etimological review has yet to find an explanation that justifies, from a dramatic point of view, such an excessively prolix section. Secondly, the Cratylus is a dialogue that is doctrinally empty. (...) Plato seems to have dedicated an entire work to the issue of the theory of names, only to demonstrate in the end that considering such a question is not in fact useful to the understanding of the truth; to understand the truth, one must look not to language but to the things themselves. This article, other than indicating the status questionis regarding the Cratylus, suggests a new approach which will resolve both the issues raised above. It intends to demonstrate that to formulate an interpretation worthy of Plato from both the speculative and dramatic points of view, one must undertake an ontological and mystagogical reading of the Cratylus, an approach not yet made. The ontological reading complements the anti-ideological interpretations already developed by a number of scholars; the mystagogical reading is explicitly alternative to the esoteric interpretation of the dialogue proposed by Szlezák, the authoritative representative of the Tubingen School. (shrink)

The use of assistance systems aimed at reducing road fatalities is spreading, especially for car drivers, but less effort has been devoted to developing and testing similar systems for powered two-wheelers. Considering that over speeding represents one of the main causal factors in road crashes and that riders are more vulnerable than drivers, in the present study we investigated the effectiveness of an assistance system which signaled speed limit violations during a simulated moped-driving task, in optimal and poor visibility conditions. (...) Participants performed four conditions of simulated riding: one baseline condition without Feedback, one Fog condition in which visual feedback was provided so as to indicate to the participants when a speed limit was exceeded, and two post-Feedback conditions with and without Fog, respectively, in which no feedback was delivered. Results showed that participants make fewer speeding violations when the feedback is not provided, after 1 month, and regardless of the visibility condition. Finally, the feedback has been proven effective in reducing speed violations in participants with an aggressive riding style, as measured in the baseline session. (shrink)

Il saggio si sofferma su un momento posto all’inizio della parabola storica delineata dalla tecnologia della scrittura musicale nella cultura occidentale: l’introduzione, verso l’inizio del ix secolo, delle prime notazioni neumatiche, il cui principale scopo consistette nel registrare il repertorio di canti liturgici noto come canto gregoriano. Partendo dal presupposto che nella cultura medioevale la scrittura costituisse una tecnologia della memoria, il saggio tenta di interpretare in quest’ottica sia le caratteristiche della notazione neumatica, sia alcune caratteristiche formali dei canti liturgici (...) trasmessi mediante essa.Si propone una nuova interpretazione della tipica costruzione formulaica del canto gregoriano, intesa come conseguenza di un uso sofisticato della memoria improntato al modello concettuale della scrittura. L’analisi di alcuni brani melismatici tramandati in notazione neumatica, a volte accompagnati da testi composti ex novo , mostra come la scrittura neumatica corrisponda a strategie di analisi e creazione fondate sulla memorizzazione. Un’idea che emerge al termine dalla trattazione riguarda il nesso tra la tecnologia della memoria e la concezione sostanzialmente aperta dei canti liturgici – e in particolar modo dei tropi liturgici –, il fatto cioè che questi non fossero pensati come unità autonome e conchiuse, ma piuttosto come differenti configurazioni di un certo numero di elementi fissi che caratterizzano un vasto complesso di brani differenti. The essay focuses on a historical moment placed at the beginning of the parable outlined by the technology of music writing in Western culture: the introduction, at the beginning of the ninth century, of the first neumatic notations, whose main aim consisted in recording the repertoire of liturgical songs known as Gregorian chant. Assuming that writing in medieval culture constituted a technology of memory, the essay tries to interpret in this light the characteristics of neumatic notation, as well as some formal characteristics of liturgical chants transmitted through it.A new interpretation of the typical formulaic construction of Gregorian chant is suggested: formularity is understood as a result of a sophisticated use of memory based on the conceptual model of writing. The analysis of some pieces handed down in melismatic neumatic notation, sometimes accompanied by texts composed ex novo , shows how neumatic writing corresponds to analytical and creative strategies based on memorization. An idea that emerges at the end of the discussion concerns the link between the technology of memory and the essentially open vision of the liturgical chants – especially the liturgical tropes – namely the fact that they were not conceived as autonomous and concluded units, but rather as different configurations of a number of fixed elements that feature a wide range of different songs. (shrink)

Un fondamento teologico per la matematica dell'infinito: Dio come primo matematico in grado di numerare gli infiniti punti delle grandezze geometriche.A theological foundation for the mathematics of the infinity: God as the first mathematician, who is able to number the endless points of the geometrical size.

The Collectio Avellana, a collection of late antique documents which has been thoroughly investigated, above all by ancient historians and historians of Roman law, provides a wealth of historical, political-religious and legal information for the period between the middle of the 4th and the middle of the 6th century AD. This contribution, limited to the years of the pontificate of Pope Damasus, seeks to understand whether these texts can also represent a source of topographical information for the city of Rome.

Scritto complesso, compatto e volutamente non sistematico - all'acme della carriera accademica e dell'attività filosofica di Robert Spaemann (1927 - 2018) -, Persone. Sulla differenza tra 'qualcosa' e 'qualcuno' (1996) non è solo un capolavoro del grande pensatore tedesco, ma è innanzitutto una pietra miliare nella filosofia del Novecento sul realismo delle persone. La sua acuta riflessione sa pro-vocare e destare l'uomo di oggi alla 'grande questione' ch'egli da sempre è a se stesso, ponendolo di fronte al senso autentico del (...) suo essere-persona che, dentro i drammi e i rinnegamenti delle persone reali e dentro le traversìe della storia è stato prima obliato dal modo d'esistere dell'uomo moderno, per poi scorrere come fiume carsico nei meandri della travagliata storia della personologia, con un concomitante imporsi, nella forma mentis oggi imperante, della 'dialettica di naturalismo e spiritualismo'. Si offre qui uno studio rigoroso e inedito della filosofia delle persone di Spaemann - miniera ricchissima tutta da scavare -, che prende sul serio la domanda esistenzialmente decisiva sull'enigma della persona, per arrischiare una comprensione della realtà personale che ognuno di noi è, lasciandoci guidare dal 'Socrate tedesco' in un avvincente percorso che raccoglie a piene mani l'eredità e le sfide della tradizione filosofica e restituisce al lettore precisi segnavìa del senso, cioè della vettorialità fondamentale tracciata nell'essere-persona e, resi memori dell'origine e della meta, del senso di marcia a ognuno di noi affidato come compito per divenire le persone uniche che già siamo e sempre più saremo. (shrink)

This paper is the brief introduction with which I chaired the medieval session of the Conference on the history of ontology. It proposes some simple and general considerations, which aim to provide an absolutely essential historical-conceptual outline of medieval metaphysical thought, and to express a way of envisaging its unity. My thesis is that medieval ontology is indifferently theological (theocentric) in character, and that one of the tasks of the historian is to understand how an “Aristotelian” metaphysics could have been (...) formed in correspondence with a theological and Christian knowledge, and through what theoretical and conceptual transformations this Aristotelian metaphysics could have constituted the instrument of elaboration and justification of such a knowledge (and its historical evolutions). (shrink)

Il presente testo intende proporre una riflessione lungo il cammino teoretico proposto da Salomon Maimon ed Emmanuel Lèvinas, prendendo spunto dall’aporia filosofica del dialogo Parmenide di Platone riguardante il tema dell’ exaìphnes. Certamente entro le riflessioni di Lèvinas che in Maimon agisce fortemente una vis giudaica, che ne ispira i temi: per Maimon la risoluzione completa dell’empirico può aver luogo solo nella terra promessa dell’intelletto infinito, per Lèvinas il chiasmo tra l’assolutamente Altro, che si manifesta sottraendosi al tempo stesso nel (...) volto dell’altro, ci chiama continuamente a far esodo da noi stessi. Nel concreto, in ciò che non ha luogo, nella pausa, nell’assenza e nella discontinuità, nel sommamente contingente, si trova il vero trascendentale quale elemento di mediazione che lega la realtà, non nelle categorie dell’intelletto che ci forniscono solo una realtà valida per la Wahrnhemung e la objektive Vorstellung , ovvero una realtà postuma, fittizia. Come tertium non datur tra queste due posizioni - l’intelletto infinito di Maimon o l’esodo perenne da se stessi in Lèvinas – intenderemo porvi lo xynòn, ovvero un cum assente che coniuga in un paradossale intreccio il nominalismo assoluto di Hume con il mondo delle idee di Platone: il luogo assurdo di una patria assente. (shrink)

In this paper I consider two different perspectives on aesthetic experience. On the one hand, there is the tradition of Plato that proposes a metaphysical representation of the world in which sensible and over-sensible are rigidly separated. On the other hand, the early Chinese tradition of Daoism suggests an undivided experience of the world in which the aesthetic engagement with the myriad things (wanwu 萬物) makes actions effective. In particular, I consider how the Zhuangzi, one of the main books of (...) philosophical Daoism, offers an excellent opportunity to rethink the aesthetic experience of the world not as subordinated to epistemology or to the supersensible but as a possibility to adapt oneself to changing circumstances. (shrink)